The Negotiation Process Essay -- Business, Mediators, Settlement Media

Differences and disagreements always exist in negotiation process. When parties cannot hit an agreement or the power between parties is imbalance, mediators willing be demonstrated the significant impact on solving problems and encourage negotiators to achieve consensus. This essay will expound quaternary different types of mediator, which include dependency mediator, facilitative mediator, therapeutic mediator and evaluative mediator. Areas of practice for different styles of mediator also will be stated. Moreover, what kinds of dispute will be cropd by different types of mediators and how these kinds of mediators influence the negotiation process are referring. At last, responsibilities and disadvantages of different styles of mediators will be represented. In brief, negotiation is a power game and mediator is always the impersonal rule maker.Mediator means an independent or a neutral third-party who helps the other two parties to chatter contradiction or relax relationship d uring negotiation process. (Edwin, 2002, p 67) The purpose for mediator is clearing target and interest for parties, evaluating advantages and disadvantages for each position, exploring possible options, and encouraging them to reach agreement. A sapiential mediator has significant impacts on handling troublesome problems and facilitating parties to achieve consensus during the negotiation process. Firstly, mediators impel to persuade interlocutors separate interpersonal relationship from the marrow of negotiation, and build bridge to connect these two parties. Moreover, mediator provides a neutral stage and give faces to both parties convert controversy to reconciliation when neither of them makes a concession. At the same time, a compromise suggestion which... ...isputes and relax relationship when negotiation sink into deadlock, and it also encourage parties to achieve consensus. A successful settlement mediator respect negotiators and encourage parties to achieve agreement thr ough compromising. However, facilitative mediators focus on convert competitive relationship to cooperative relationship to solve problems, and build trust is important. Therapeutic mediators are also focus on the relationship between two parties. Nevertheless, they pay more attention to the relationship kind of than the dispute itself. The most powerful style of mediators is evaluative mediators, who always determine the final outcome in a mediation process. However, it damages relationship between parties awfully. Overall, selecting the right style of the mediator is very important and practical to reach agreement during negotiation process.

Economics of Aquaculture United States :: essays papers

Economics of Aquaculture United States Aquaculture is the fastest growing agricultural industry in the United States. In 1990, there were over 100 species cultured eight species accounted for approximately 70% of total culture, with over 3400 aquaculture operations in the United States. This trend is driven by increased demand for fisheries product and reduced slacken off from traditional fisheries landings (National Research Council, 1982). Given the increased demand, there is a significant potential for job creation in an expanded aquacultural industry. The estimated U.S. Total Aquaculture work (including freshwater) has more than doubled from 139,887 metric tons with a total appraise of over $260 million in 1983 to an estimated 313,518 metric tons with a total value of over $724 million in 1992. (NMFS Statistics Division) The aquaculture industry supports an infrastructure of hatcheries, feed mills, processing plants, equipment manufacturers, and suppliers of specialt y services and products, as well as enhancing the natural fishery with upstart finfish and shellfish seed and spat. U.S. annual per capita consumption of fish and shellfish has increased since estimates were first made in 1909. At that time the per capita estimate was 11 lbs., in the 1950 and 60s it was well below 5 lbs., and in 1993 it was 15 lbs. (U.S. Department of Commerce, 1993). approximately remarkable was the sharp rise in consumption from 1970 (about 4 lbs.) to 1990 (about 5 lbs.) The domesticated sea provender industry has identified a goal of increasing domestic seafood consumption to 20 lbs/per capita by the year 2000 although this appears unlikely. It is estimated that 10% - 14% of the fishery products currently consumed in the United States are aquaculturally derived. Changing consumer preferences combined with the reduction in the wild fishery appear to be the dominant factor in the growth of aquaculture. (FDA, 1990) Most of the United States demand for seafood is met by imports. The value of imported fisheries products more than doubled during the 1980s, to $9.6 cardinal in 1989. This resulted in a significant trade deficit - $4.9 billion for all fisheries products and $3.1 billion for edible fish and shellfish in 1989. Imported fisheries products contribute more to the United States trade imbalance than any other food or agricultural commodity. After petroleum products, imported seafood contributes more to the United States trade deficit than any other natural resources product.

Palestine and Israel Essays -- Threats to World Peace

BackgroundThe issue of Palestine and Israel is one that has been hotly contested for over a thousand days. The last fifty years cook been especially important in the history of the Jewish people and Palestinians. Since the death of Yasser Arafat on the 11th of November 2004 , and the election of Mahmoud Abbas as his successor as attraction of the Palestinian Authority, significant steps have been taken towards a lasting peace. This will hopefully lead to a conclusion of the second Palestinian intifada, which began in late September 2000, and to an end of the oppression of the Palestinian people by the Israeli Defense Forces. Both Jews and Arabs have suffered heavily from the conflict, thousands of innocent civilians have died on both sides, and peace is in the interests of all.History of the ConflictThe repugn territory that has been alternately referred to as Palestine and Israel is relatively small, the total area is only well-nigh 22 000 square kilometers. It is bordered by Jo rdan on the East, Lebanon on the North, Egypt and the Mediterranean Ocean on the West, and shares 76 kilometers of border with Syria in the North East. The twain disputed territories that are occupied by the Israeli Army but under the autonomous control of the Palestinian Authority are the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. These two territories amount to roughly 6400 square kilometers, the West Bank makes up the majority of this area it amounts to 6000 square kilometers in the Eastern part of the country and borders the nation of Jordan.Jews have long considered Israel to be their national home. They consider it to be a Holy Land, or a Promised Land they believe it to be their right from God to function in the region. The area is also considered... ... - http//www.myjewishlearning.com/history_community/Israel/Overview_IsraeliPalestinian_Relations/Intifada_I/Intifada2.htm Israeli Defense Force - www.idf.il The Socio-economic Impact of Settlements on Land, Water, and the Palestinian Economy - http//www.monde-diplomatique.fr/cahier/proche-orient/coloniesBBC News What is the West Bank barrier? - http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3111159.stmBooksBeitler, Ruth Margolies The Path to Mass Rebellion An analysis of two intifadasBTselem The info Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories - Information Sheet May 1993 House Demolition During Operations Against Wanted Persons.Human Rights Watch Israel, the Occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip, and the Palestinian Authority Territories Series In a dark hour the use of civilians during IDF arrest operations

On The Road Not Taken Essay -- Robert Frost Road Not Taken Poem

On The way Not Taken Most people believe that The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost was written to inspire people to be different, and to not follow the majority. However, the poem was actually written to gently toying hotshot of Frosts good friends, and fellow poet, Edward Thomas. Frost and Thomas would take walks in the woods together, and Thomas would take Frost down one path and after regret not choosing a different path. This would lead one to believe that Frost is actually ridiculing the action of regretting decisions. Considering this pert nit background information, the poems meaning can be quite contrary to popular belief. It guides the reader from the idea that Frost wants you to differentiate yourself, to a concept of perseverance and self confidence. Upon further analysis of the poem, more badinage is unveiled in both the title and the poem itselfInitially The Road Not Taken is quite stereotypical and inspirational in manner. At premier(prenominal) glance the poe m radiates a feeling that its alright to take the road less traveled, and that good fortune may follow from making seemingly unorthodox decisions. Frost illustrates an idea of individualism in the last two lines, I took the one less traveled by/ and that has made all the difference (19-20). In the last stanza of the poem, the speaker explains that many years later he will tell the story of how taking the road less traveled has changed his life. Viewed from an analytical stall many examples of subtle irony can be found.Frosts choice of discussions in the title is very peculiar. It seems as though Frost purposely chose the word taken. If the poem was meant to be inspirational, chosen would be a better fit for the title. The word chosen would clar... ...the poem The Road Not Taken, one would come across an idea that is quite different, but still in good faith. The poem has two sides a noble side and a sloshed side. The noble side focuses on making decisions and following th rough with them, showing perseverance, and self confidence. On the other hand, the mischievous side is focused more on being different and creating a path through life in which one forges with self-righteous decisions. In teasing a good friend, Frost shows the enormousness of having faith in the decisions one makes, and realizing that it doesnt matter what path someone takes or chooses, if they have a strong will and good faith anything can happen. plant CitedLauter, Paul. The Heath Anthology of American Literature Concise Edition. Boston Houghton Mifflin Co., 2004.Wikipedia. 2004. Wikipedia online. 24 Mar. 2007

Essay on Sophocles Antigone :: Antigone essays

In ancient Greece, men who died in war carry out the civic ideal to the utmost. The women, destined to live out a degrading life, died in bed. Certainly, not all men died in battle, but every epitaph shows in one way or another, the city would always remember the men who died in war. Additionally, not all Athenian women died in bed nonetheless, it was left to her family to wield the memory of her not the city. No matter how perfect a woman was she would never receive the same status or level of social expectations from the city that a man received. No accomplishments were allowed beyond living a life of motherhood and submissiveness to a man, namely her husband. In fact, in early Greece, women were typically viewed as subservient to men, submissive in their actions, and of a status only slightly above slaves however, Antigone was not your typical Greek woman.Many ancient Greek Philosophers bring on written and expressed their views on womens status in ancient Greece. One author, Sophocles, wrote plays about how you cannot escape fate, because the Gods give fate and men cannot escape what the Gods decide. Sophocles shows his subject field in point, that human laws can destroy a city, using Antigone as a noticeable illustration to show his points. Pericles according to the author Thucydides has hardly anything to rate about women, but when he does, it is in a demeaning statement. Socrates never says anything in reference to women, but more to society in a whole. Finally, Sapphos writings have been threatened to be destroyed because of her indifferent views towards women and how she portrayed them.In the play Antigone, Sophocles stretches the role of a woman. There is a battle between what is right and laws of Gods or laws of man. Sophocles places Antigone in this fight against her Uncle Creon. Antigone stands up for ancient law and Creon stands up for mans law. Creon voices his opinion on how he feels about women in ancient Greece. Creon states We must defe nd the men who live by law, never let some woman triumph over us. Better to pass by from power, if fall we must, at the hands of a man never be rated inferior to a woman, never. (Pg. 77 line 755-762) Antigone, with her sharp tongue, challenges Creon with what she feels is right It wasnt Zeus, not in the least, who made this proclamation not to me.

Essay on Sophocles Antigone :: Antigone essays

In ancient Greece, men who died in war fulfilled the civic ideal to the utmost. The women, doom to live out a degrading life, died in bed. Certainly, not all men died in battle, but every epitaph shows in one way or another, the city would always remember the men who died in war. Additionally, not all Athenian women died in bed nonetheless, it was left to her family to preserve the memory of her not the city. No matter how perfect a woman was she would never receive the same status or level of social expectations from the city that a man received. No accomplishments were allowed beyond living a life of motherhood and submissiveness to a man, namely her husband. In fact, in early Greece, women were typically viewed as subservient to men, submissive in their actions, and of a status only slightly above slaves however, Antigone was not your typical Greek woman.Many ancient Greek Philosophers have written and expressed their views on womens status in ancient Greece. One author, Sophocle s, wrote plays about how you trampnot escape fate, because the Gods give fate and men cannot escape what the Gods decide. Sophocles shows his case in point, that human laws can destroy a city, using Antigone as a noticeable illustration to show his points. Pericles according to the author Thucydides has hardly anything to say about women, but when he does, it is in a demeaning statement. Socrates never says anything in reference to women, but more to society in a whole. Finally, Sapphos writings have been jeopardise to be destroyed because of her indifferent views towards women and how she portrayed them.In the play Antigone, Sophocles stretches the role of a woman. There is a battle between what is right and laws of Gods or laws of man. Sophocles places Antigone in this fight against her Uncle Creon. Antigone stands up for ancient law and Creon stands up for mans law. Creon voices his opinion on how he feels about women in ancient Greece. Creon states We must preserve the men wh o live by law, never let some woman triumph over us. Better to fall from power, if fall we must, at the hands of a man never be rated inferior to a woman, never. (Pg. 77 line 755-762) Antigone, with her sharp tongue, challenges Creon with what she feels is right It wasnt Zeus, not in the least, who made this proclamation not to me.

Misrepresentation in Uk Law

A false debate made to grow a party to enter into a submit. Misp standard if proved renders a contract voidable (see VoidableContract). Three (perhaps four) factors must be established to succeed in a require of mispresentation. (i) there must be an distinct false statement of existing fact (or perhaps law) (ii) it must be intercommunicate to the party misled (iii) it must induce the contract (iv) (perhaps) it must be material, that is, one which would induce a reasonable man to contract in those circumstances. Grounds for falsehood (i) There must be an unambiguous statement of existing fact.Since Kleinwort Benson v Lincoln CC (1991) it might be the case that a statement of law may also found a misrepresentation although that case concerned resitutionary remedies for money paid low a mistake of law, rather than contract. Three classes of statement are generally not held to be representations (a) puffs, (b) opinions, and (c) intentions. (a) It can be difficult to distingui sh a misrepresentation from a puff, that is, an advertising or promotional statement which is not intended to be screen (Dimmock v Hallett (1866), in which it was representated that land was fertile and improveable). b) A statement of opinion is not a representation (Bisset v Wilkinson (1927)) unless the opinion of the person making the representation has some special weight, e. g. , he or she is a professional employed to give such opinion (Esso v Mardon (1976)). (c) A statement of intention if aboveboard held cannot be a misrepresentation however, my intention is a fact and it can be dishonestly represented Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885). (ii) The statement must be addressed to the person misled. (iii) The statement must induce the contract.It need not be the sole inducement (Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885)). This test will fail when (a) the representee is actually asleep of the representation (Horsfall v Thomas (1862)), (b) the representee knows the statement is untrue, and (c) where the representee is patently unaffected by the statement. (c) is likely where the representee takes other steps to establish the validity of the statement (Atwood v sharp (1838)). In general, the fact that the false statement could have been discovered with due diligence will not prevent it being concluded hat it generate the contract (RedgraveVHurd1881) but more recently it has been suggested that a misrepresentation does not induce where it would be highly reasonable to expect the representee to check the validity of the statements (SmithVEricSBush1990). (iv) (Perhaps) the statement must be material, that is, one that would induce the contract in a reasonable man. Currently this criterion is doubted. Modern practice seems to be to incorporate this prerequisite into consideration of whether the misrepresentation did induce the contract.Types of misrepresentation Fraudulent misrepresentation This overlaps with the TortOfDeceit. The misrepresentation must be intentional a nd dishonest (DerryVPeek1888). Damages are not extra by remoteness (see CausationInNegligence). Rescission may be awarded. Negligent misrepresentation The misrepresentation was not intended to deceive, but nevertheless the defendant is in stop of a DutyOfCare to the claimant. Rescission may be awarded. Innocent misrepresentation The mispresentation was neither fraudulent nor negligent.In general, damages are not available, but rescission may be awarded. See also MisrepresentationAct1967. Misrepresentation Act (1967) s. 2(1) of this Act is extremely important for claimant seeking compensation for Misrepresentation. It has the effect of shifting the burden of proof from the claimant to the defendant that is, if the claimant alleges that the defendant made a negligent misrepresentation, the onus is on the defendant to show that he had good grounds for believing the representation to be true.The Act also makes it possible for the court to award damages in misrepresentation cases, whe re Rescission would not be available. Another effect of the Act, or at least of the appearance the Act has been interpreted by judges, is to allow the claimant to recover not just forseeable losses, but all direct losses. This seems to follow from the wording the Act says that a misrepresentation should be treated as deceitful, despite there being no dishonesty, unless the defendant can show that he was not negligent.It seem unlikely (to me at least) that the creators of the statute had in mind that damages for negligent misrepresentation should be as extensive as fraudulent misrepresentation, but there are a number of cases that suggest that judges dont see things the same way. rescission To rescind a Contract is to treat it as terminated, perhaps because one party is in breach (see RepudiationOfContract), or because the contract is voidable (e. g. , for Misrepresentation). voidable contractUnlike a void contract (see VoidContract), whose legal status is as if it never existed, a voidable contract is one that remains in force until it is declared void by one of the contracting parties. For example, one of the parties may fraudulently misrepresent a armed service to be offered. The offended party may then declare the contract void and refuse to be bound by it (see Contract). However, if goods are exchanged under the contract before it is voided, then title is passed. With a void contract no title passes, because effectively the contract never existed.

India vs China Essay

1.India and mainland China fight for Super power tag.The two countries meet face to face only at The Himalayas, wholly other things for comparison will make stand these two countries individually, at their receive socio-economic-political-cultural areas. To turn in who is super power, India or China or two know each areas of strength and weakness, lets get into the points of concern for both to become super power.Military Strength Conventional and Nuclear.2.As two rising Asian powers with high GDP additions and increasing geo-political influence, India and China have been arch rivals in their race to superpowerdom. The race for regional dominance amidst these two countries has also spawned a race for militarization, with India sparing no efforts to match Chinas force might. A comparative analysis is in that locationfore oerdue, to see how India and China fare against each other in their soldiery strengths. According to United States DoD (Department of Defense) reports for 20 06, Chinas soldiery expenditure is estimated to be 80 billion US sawbucks. How ever, the positive Chinese CPC government quote is a $30 billion military expenditure (which a lot of analysts believe is under quoted).The actual Chinese military capabilities and budget are masked in deep secrecy to prevent foreign countries having an idea of its military mightand perhaps to create the strategic vantage of uncertainty. If we were to go by the conservative official Chinese figure of $30 billion, it would put China second only to USA in global military spending. On the other side, Indias official military expenditure for 2006 is quoted at $22 billion by the Min of Finance. India however, does not keep a aim of secrecy as cloaked as China does, as its democratic government system requires public accountability. By its official 2006 military budget figures, India stands at 9th position in global military spending.3. Indias active military personnel numbered over 1,325,000 (approx) whil e China was significantly higher at 2,255,000. In air defence, Chinas PLA (Peoples Liberation Army) Air violence has 9,218 aircrafts of which close to 2300 are combat aircrafts, operating from its 489 air bases. The Indian Air Force has 3382 aircrafts which includes 1335 combat aircrafts operating from 334 bases and its sole aircraft carrier INS Viraat. The air superiority in Chinas PLAAF is maintained by its fleet of Russian Su-30 MK and indigenously built J-10 fighters. Indian Air Force, on the other hand has French built Dassault Mirage 2000s and Russian Su-30 MKI as the best aircrafts in its combat fleet (no indigenous fighters or aircrafts have been deployed by India so far). Indian Navy is the realitys eighth largest navy with a with a fleet of 145 vessels consisting of missile- confident warships, advanced submarines, the in vogue(p) naval aircrafts and an aircraft carrier in its inventory.It is experienced both in combat and rescue operations during wartime and peace as seen from its wars with Pakistan in 1971, the December 2004 Tsunami, etc. In comparison, Chinas PLA Navy with its fleet of 284 vessels is quantitatively larger but lacking in actual war experience, which could undermine its strategic capability. As of 2007, China has no aircraft carriers in its naval fleet but is slated to build and induct an aircraft carrier by 2010. 4.In strategic nuclear defence and deli very(prenominal) systems, Chinas PLA is miles forrard of Indias nuclear forces. The PLAs stockpile is estimated to have 200-400 active nuclear warheads. In comparison, Indias strategic nuclear force is estimated to have stockpiled about 50-70 nuclear warheads.The most powerful warhead tested by India had an yield of 0.05 megatons which is quite small compared to Chinas highest yield of 4 megatons. Indias nuclear delivery system consists of bombers, supersonic cruise missiles and medium site ballistic missiles. Agni 2, Indias longest range deployed ballistic missile is capable of a range of 2500 km, carrying a single nuclear warhead of 1000 kg. In stark contrast, Chinas nuclear delivery system is far more capable with multiple warheads (MIRV) ICBMs like DF-5A 12000 km and DF-4 7500 km. It also fields submarine launched SLBMs like JL-2 8500 km and strategic fighter bombers like Su-27 Flanker in its nuclear delivery arsenal.5.Economic theory teaches us that incentives drive decision making by a nation or an individual. In case of India, a democracy with no serious military adversary, its militarization drive is often overshadowed by internal militancy issues and political struggles. In case of a communist China, it has a powerful military adversary in United States the conflicts over Taiwan give China a strong incentive to beef up its military defence to counter the US military might. The situation is more than similar to that of USSR vs USA Cold War, albeit on a much smaller scale. The end result is China walking far ahead of India in military might wit h overpowering superiority if both conventional and nuclear forces are taken into account.Population6.China can be called The big steer of a forest, where plenty of things happen by nourishing other small plants and giving space for generation of more fruitful plants that is its commonwealth. The virtuoso child per family insurance policy is about to savor negative implications by large in future, through having more male births to continue their family and to maintain income levels, which leads to less female births, which doesnt postulate a balance between male to female sex ratio, and depicts the clear picture of future possibility to find a girl to sustain its offspring. some other major problem stands at the feet of China is, an unusual increase in the old age population which poses problem to maintain.7.India cosmos the next tree abutting to the China in the forest of this world doesnt have such limit of family members, which contributes more population and makes India the most populated country in the world in a decade span. Of this population, most of the muckle are below the age of 25 which adds new, promising, young talent to steer the Indian economy swimmingly and also maintains female ratio which doesnt leads to gender imbalance consequently assuring take to the woodsing population balance to its best. Predicted to overtake Chinas population in a decade, India has oceanic human capital which reassures un parallel economy in the world.Education System8.Education being the cornerstone for any economy, China fit(p) much emphasis and achieved an Adult literacy rate of 94% as provided in World Bank preliminary census for the year 2011. For adult girls it remains at 99% striking a mastered balance in creating requisite opportunities for equal genteelness and employment. Though primary education is much accentuated secondary education didnt got much attention especially in rural areas which poses a threat to future skill pool of the country. The major con for China in this area is its inability to produce large number of English speakers per capita. 9.India has an adult literacy rate of 74% and after taking efforts to increase the level of education for women between the age of 15 to 24, it has registered 80% literacy. Several NGOs, corporate companies and women concerned societies are taking many initiatives for improving the literacy rate. Though urban areas strike a balance in the ratio of education for male to female rural counterparts couldnt fare well because of its infrastructural and social problems. One point that India has advantage over china is in the production more number of English speakers per capita with growing literacy rate.Industry10.China caters for its domestic mart with mass production concept in producing the items such as toys, electronic devices, mobiles, T-shirts. Obviously, fast consuming goods are given priority for production which wants a mere copying or imitation in work design rather tha n innovation. obscure from this China faces challenge to cater for heavy industry for which expertise and skills are needed and ability to serve global clients is the one area at which they dawdle. Recent initiative to kick start in automotive heavens has left better chops for china without tasting much success. 11.India focuses on Industrial area to gear up its economy.The high technology steel produced through high spirit in India, has no comparable competitors across the world. Apart from intensified industrial production, IT sector is reined by vibrant skilled youth with wide range of attributes to contribute. As under from the above mentioned areas, it is experiencing advancement in the areas of engineering and services market and is having a consolidated automobile market in terms of production, engineering services, spares and marketing capability.Poverty12.China has an un parallel history in reduce the poverty through equal distribution of resources, but due the long line it couldnt be properly rationed which again struggling in the poverty pond that has been posing many non-social evils giving birth to rebellions and undesired effects like prostitution, drug mafia thus leading to HIV AIDS. Of course, there exists a difference between feeding a crow and a lion but China government was never hopeless to feed the ever growing elephant called Poverty in their country. 13.Indias deeply disturbing social issue which has been deep root and chronic in its nature is persistent in its annual record showing no growth or probably negligible.Illiteracy, inaccessibility to safe drinking water, medical facilities and under nourishment is the roots of this ever growing, undesirable, social element. More children per family, crop failure, loss of assets are some points that can be characterized for the rising of poverty in an alarming way but not given much importance by Indian politicians who spend always their whole time for making the lives of common people much better Oops adjust or wrong, we have nothing to do, but to follow the flow, because India is a democratic country.Corruption14.China has shown a remarkable score in corruption which has been deep rooted in government offices and ministries as the adage says failing is not a problem but refusing to stand again shows the difference, China did remarkably well in the crackdown of corruption, by punishing its Supreme ourt source vice-president, Huang Songyou for life time jail with connection to his fraud and bribery offences. Thats what called accountability and the action fills trust to hold up corruption in China. 15.India fares worst compared do China, by being more corrupted than China giving a strong competition for which even it doesnt have any people representative to take accountability to clean the trash left by most familiar corrupted officials and ministers.Neither former Telecom minster A. Raja has been awarded any punishment nor the officials and ministers involved with Common Wealth Games fraudulence and Adarsh Society scandal has been brought totally the under the control of law. The system being totally vicious, will take long time to get itself out from the ever growing poisonous pangs of the most favorite word of our Nethas called as Corruption. other than it continues to dwell along with other evils that exist in the country.Economy16.Making an in depth study and analysis of India vs. China economy seems to be a very hard task. Both India and China rank among the front runners of global economy and are among the worlds most diverse nations. Both the countries were among the most past civilizations and their economies are influenced by a number of social, political, economic and other factors. However, if we try to properly understand the various economic and market trends and features of the countries, we can make a comparison between Indian and Chinese economy. Going by the basic facts, the economy of China is more developed than that of India. While India is the 12th largest economy in terms of the exchange rates, China occupies the third position. Compared to the estimated $1.209 trillion GDP of India, China has an average GDP of around $7.8 trillion. In case of per capital GDP, India lags far butt end China with just$1016 compared to $6,100 of the latter.Agriculture17.Agriculture is another factor of economic comparison of India and China. It forms a major economic sector in both the countries. However, the agricultural sector of China is more developed than that of India. Unlike India, where farmers still use the traditional and old methods of cultivation, the agricultural techniques used in China are very much developed. This leads to better quality and high yield of crops which can be exported.Liberalization of the market18.In spite of being a Socialist country, China started towards the liberalization of its market economy much before India. This strengthened the economy to a great extent. On the other hand, India was very slow in embracing globalization and stretch market economies. While Indias liberalization policies started in the 1990s, China welcomed foreign direct investment and private investment in the mid 1980s. This made a significant change in its economy and the GDP increased considerably. Difference in infrastructure and other aspects of economic growth 19.Compared to India, China has a much well developed infrastructure. Some of the important factors that have created a stark difference between the economies of the two countries are manpower and labor development, water management, health care facilities and services, communication, civic amenities and so on.All these aspects are well developed in China which has put a positive impact in its economy to make it one of the best in the world. Although India has become much developed than before, it is still plagued by problems such as poverty, unemployment, lack of civic amenities and so on. In fact unlike India, China is still investing in huge amounts towards manpower development and strengthening of infrastructure. 20.China mostly depends on unusual Investments and also gets debts from US for mobilizing the required resources for its production and growth and has modernized its army by seizing civilian lands which has nothing to do with stumbling financial markets.China accelerates its growth by its export driven economy that places good at Balance of Payments, foreign exchange reserve s. 21.India is developing home grown companies to cater to its own and overseas needs and is attracting foreign investment which is offering 20% returns on investment opportunity that is the reason for Japans 5 billion dollar investment in industrial corridor in India. Also the takeover tool of Indian companies like TATA, Reliance is zooming growth rate with a handful promise of contribution fostered by government owned companies like ONGC, IOC.Other Areas22.China has got good infrastructure and a breakthrough for making The fastest train which runs at 430km/hr owns by china strengthens the transportation connectivity and infrastructure is provided ample importance by building vast roads with single way allowance for commutation thus offering more feasibility for trade relations in the country. On the other hand it is employing knowledge people, but some constraints like, non English speaking people has been recently brought into light, for which China government took initiative to train their human capital with enough English to deal with International Business.Conclusion24.India still being called as a developing country has drastically improved in providing urban infrastructure while the rural community has been neglected showing the cause in terms of economic development through industrial area. Industrial corridors and other innovative action is driving both growth and employment making it a power hub in the future with an abundant human capital both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Isolation in “Lord of the Flies” and “Heart of Darkness” Essay

This is an awsome essay Feel free to use it. Great comparison of books, excellent work. novels. Throughout Lord of the move and Heart of Darkness the importance of prohibition is greatly stressed. This being the restraint to remain human and maintain sanity. In Heart of Darkness, Marlow was able to remain his restriant scorn how difficult it was for him. He was always surrounded by cannibals and constant chaos. On the other hand, Kurtz was unable to keep his restriant, as a result he woolly-headed his humanity and sanity, and eventually died because of it. In Lord of the Flies, Ralph is able to restrain restrain, and he therefore remains human. He found it difficult though, because there was only virtuoso other person who was able to do the same- Piggy. Ralph was determined to maintain order, and he was very alone because of it. Jack on the other hand, gave in to the temptationof simply search and playing, and lost his humanity in the process.He became a savage not a human being , but a savage with a painted consistence and strange barbaric ways. In contrast, the cannibals in Heart of Darkness, (who are starving) could have easily had many satisfying meals. After all, they outnumbered the whites thirty to five, but they still had prerequisite restraint to refrain from savagely feasting on some of the easily accessible seamen. Towards the end of the novel, Marlow becomes becomes very close to losing his sanity, but also has the necessary restraint to maintain it. He confuses the beat of a drum (the call to mans primative side) with his own heartbeat, but is still able to restrain from slipping everywhere the edge as Kurt did. Ralph in Lord of the Flies is constantly faced with temptation to join Jack and all of the other boys, especially when Piggy dies and he is all alone. This makes it even more difficult to restrain from giving in to Jack and his animalistic tribe. Therefore, it is unpatterned how important restrain is in these two novels.The busines s leader to do so may be the difference between life and death, and the one who can restrain himself teh most is the one who prevails in the end. In conclusion, it is evident that the authors of these two novels wrote about their own life experiences because they were able to draw emotion form things that actually haopened to them. Also, through Lord of the Flies and Heart of Darkness, Golding and Conrad were able to shew the isolation that some of the characters were forced to endure, and the importance of restraint in dealing with ones humanity. These compelling novels leave the reader with two possible questions. Would I be able to cope with the intense isolation? And, do I have the necessary restriant to maintain the humanity which so many people resume for granted? finally, the reader would be left with a better understanding of the darkness, which Golding and Conrad believed, each and every one of us possess somewhere, deep down inside.

The Current Marketing Environment of the Airline

This report will evaluate the current marketing environment of the air duct industry in Europe. This will involve looking into different argona of the skyway industry such(prenominal) as deregulation and open skies, current economic conditions, distribution channels, set and r eveue management. It has been proved that the air lane business industry is probably one of the most competitive and complex industry in the world. According to Mintel report (2009) in the outgoing decade, air travel has braggart(a) by 7% per year. Travel for both business and leisure purposes grew strongly worldwide. Scheduled flight paths carried 1.5 billion riders last year. In the leisure market, the availability of gargantuan aircraft such as the Boeing 747 made it convenient and affordable for commonwealth to travel further to new and exotic destinations.Distribution channelsIn all areas of marketing tie in must be made between the customer and the product. These relate are known as distribut ion channels. Airlines use a variety of these channels. All of them are giving rise to particularly intense debate at the present time, because the different channels result in different cost, and because they vary in the termination to which they allow airline to exercise proper and necessary control of the channel. S, Shaw (Airline Marketing & Management, Fifth Edition, Page 194).Global Distribution Systems (GDSs)Its impossible to talk virtually distribution channel in the airline industry without mentioning GDSs. For nearly twenty years, the subject of Global Distribution Systems has been a controversial one in the airline industry, and it remains so today. S, Shaw (Airline Marketing & Management, Fifth Edition, Page 204).Until the early 1970s, contact between airlines and their distribution outlets was mainly by telephone, this was both time consuming and costly and became unsustainable as the industry grew. As the 1970s preceded, the first, pioneering carries set out to auto mate airline/travel agency contact. In order to do so, direct links were provided from each agency location into the airlines reservations computer. Instead of phoning, agents could use the keyboard of Visual Display Unit to make bookings direct with the airline concerned. Besides deliverance a great deal of time, this also gave agent visual confirmation that dominated reservation had been made.Airline todayIn the old, regulated environment, European airlines relied on external channels (travel agents, consolidators, tour operators) to distribute up to 90 percentage of tickets. Distribution via these channels typi assurey cost an airline 17 to 20 percent of the ticket price, accounted for by travel agency commissions (including bonus overrides), computer reservation company booking fees, credit card fees, and the airlines own costs (such as its salesforce). Since then, CRS technology and economics have changed a lot thanks to the development of alternative distribution channels, such as the airlines Internet websites or their call centres, consumers have nowadays access to a multiplicity of information and booking channels for air transport services. About 40% of all airline tickets in the EU are booked via alternative channels and about 60% via travel agents and CRSs.Bookings made via the major(ip) global distribution systems (GDS) accounted for 64% of all airline passenger tax revenue in the U.S. in 2008 for U.S. point-of-sale transactions, but the figure has dropped below 50% in Europe, according to (Mintel report realised 2008) in the size, section and value of GDSs in travel distribution. The decline in Europe has been sharper, falling from 56% in 2006 and 51% in 2007 to 47% in 2008.The decline is attributable, in large part, to the rapid growth of affordable carriers, such as Ryanair, that rely exclusively or primarily on direct bookings. 69% of the nearly 18 billion in air travel sold by European LCCs in 2008 was booked via their own Web sites.Der egulation and open skiesThroughout its history, the airline industry has been constrained by decisions made by politicians and governments. Government have controlled where airlines can fly, and aspects of their product planning and pricing policies. They have also had a major involvement in the industry through the ownership of airlines. They have always had a usage in regulating airline safety standards, a role that remains important and, principle, relatively non-controversial. For many years, and in almost all aviation markets, government controlled airlines route entry and capacity and frequency decisions.In young years, substantial regulatory reform has taken place, giving carries the challenge and the opportunity of responding to a free economic environment. In describing the system of economic regulation of the airline industry, a fundamental distinction has always been between the regulation of domestic services which are solely under the control of one government, and in ternational services, which require the agreement of at least two. Until relatively recently, almost all domestic travel market were highly regulated.The Agreement replaced and superseded previous open skies agreements between the US and individual European countries. Deregulation is also stimulating competition, such as that from small, low cost carriers. The EUs final stage of deregulation took effect in April 1997, allowing an airline from one member state to fly passengers within another members domestic market. Beyond Europe too, open skies agreements are beginning to dismantle some of the regulations political science which carriers can fly on certain routes.Low-Cost Airlines in EuropeBudget airlines have been one of the main drivers of growth in intra-European travel, over the past decade. However, after a period of rapid expansion, it seems that the sector is now reaching maturity and that the growth is likely to slow down in the coming years. The low-cost business model is geared to short-haul routes, which allow for a quick turnaround of aircraft. As such, LCCs are increasingly in competition with other modes of travel, especially rail, which has undergone a substantial upgrading in recent years.The European Air travel today has many more cheap air travel options than a decade ago. The uncomplete deregulation of air travel in Europe in the 1990s allowed the rise of low-cost airlines, and flying even short distances in Europe is oftentimes cheaper than taking the train. The days when national flagship carriers dominated air traffic and were regarded as national symbols are gone, and the fierce competition from low-cost airlines has led to bankruptcies and mergers of several large and reputable airlines. But with so many more airlines operating in Europe, comes the difficult choice for travellers to figure out how to get the best prices and the services they desire. cheap airlines have exploded onto the European market in recent years, and routes th at were traditionally covered by national airlines now face the stiff competition of low-cost carriers.Current economic conditions The correct down fall of the economy has hit hard in all most every industry, but has hit even harder at the European airline industry. The air transport sector has been hit hard by the ongoing financial and economic crisis. Both demand and generate have been retreating at an almost unprecedented pace since early 2008.According to the IATA, international passenger demand fell by 5.6% in January 2009 compared to the same calendar month in 2008, which was a full percentage point worse than the 4.6% year-on The current economic conditions cause consumers to make cutbacks. France, however, remains on a growth trend after several years of declining popularity. City and short breaks are increasingly popular as holidaymakers head for France for a quick-fix getaway. Even with the current economic conditions people are still using the air transport for quick ge taway, European airlines affectedThe hardest hit has been the flag carriers who have suffered hugely due to the slump in premium and business travel, coupled with the sharp rise in fuel prices. British Airways Plc in November posted a larger than expected first-half loss and predicted revenue would slump by one billion pounds by the end of 2009. Germanys Deutsche Lufthansa AG in October provided a gloomy outlook for the airline industry and reported that its trinity quarter operating profit fell 21 percent. Air France-KLM posted a current operating loss of 543 million Euros for the six months ended in September, compared with a current operating profit of 592 million Euros for the same period a year earlier. Pricing and revenue managementPricing is a significant activity for the air transport industry as airplane seats a perishable commodity. Before deregulation of the major air travel market, pricing were a relatively a simple matter, as carries generally enjoyed a monopoly, duo poly or at least a cartel situation with other carries on most routes. (Mintel June 2009) Since deregulation, the focus has switched towards filling the aircraft, which has led to greatly increased price discrimination (charging different customer segments different prices).The results has been rising load factors but change magnitude real yield, as prices charged to marginal customers can be brought down to very low level (e.g. Ryanair) since the marginal cost of carrying one more passenger approaches zero.( Mintel 2009) Soaring fuel costs and impending EU Emissions measures spell danger for the industry. Load factors are also slipping, as a golden period of exceed expansion threatens to cause a state of over-capacity. To maintain the cheap ticket model, carriers are going to have to drastically raise their ancillary revenues (in-flight sales, charges and add-ons) and increasingly lard into accommodation and transfer services, in order to cope with the economic and legislative s torms they are flying towards.

Intercultural marriage Essay

Intercultural marriages increases the grounds needed to be able to maintain a lasting relationship due to factors such as differences in traditions, norms and even language. This can be viewed on the basis of the elements going the success and failures of marriages. It is a known fact that committing to a relationship and marrying entails adjustments in any of the individual, physically, socially and emotionally. This is due to the reality that two people that have various personalities and outlooks are bound to make unified decisions.Comparatively, being born from different culture and traditions increases the effort that is needed to be exerted to be able to establish a stable relationship and attain a successful married life. The dedication that is required from the individuals is higher(prenominal) because of the accepted facts that thither are added factors that are in need of consideration (Romano, 1997). Scenario of an Intercultural Marriage In the determination of the fac tors that can affect the process referred to as intercultural marriage, there are two contributing element that are considered.First consideration is the issues that are related to the differences in the traditions and norms of the two individual and atomic number 42 is the factors that lead to and affect marriage. In this view the first area that is needed to be studied are the factors that affect the relationship of two individuals. Primarily, the factors that can affect are the pith of communicating. In viewing the onset of intercultural marriages, the couple can meet and communicate through chance whose probability is heightened mainly from intercultural phenomenon such as immigration and motility that serves as the primary causes of interaction.This can be attributed to the development that is presently occurring in the society. The advancement of the communication technology is also another contributing factor (Bacas, 2003 Constable, 2003). The second important consideratio n in this type of marriage is the factors that can affect the relationship established between the two individuals of the same culture. The issues that can be considered that has the close influential effects on the union of two persons from different backgrounds are the norms, tradition and the language that is mainly used for communication.It is an accepted notion that people from different culture, may it be geographically-related such of different nation, related to religion and spiritual belief and ethnic backgrounds, has different visions in life (Romano, 1997). The outlook and points of view of every person work on the basis of their background. Thus, every aspect of ones personality is deeply rooted on their origins which can affect the decisions that leave be made in the bounds of the married life.

Michael Caine Essay

The Oscar winning British actor Michael Caine was born in 1933 at Bermondsey in London. He did not roll in the hay from a theatrical family. His father was a porter at the Billingsgate fish market. His mother was a charlady (cleaning lady). His actual name was Maurice Joseph Micklewhite. Young Maurice was evacuated from his home during the German World war II Blitz. He was placed in a home for 6 weeks where he was earnestly mistreated. He was beaten and poorly fed. At times he was locked in a cupboard. Finally his mother bring through him and throttled the lady who had mistreated him. The family expected Maurice to surveil in his fathers footsteps, just now he had other plans. He had early, if non-professional experiences with acting. At the age of 3 years on a regular root word he would have to convince the split up collector that Mummys out, while she hid behind the front door coaxing him.FamilyMichael did not come from a theatrical family. His father was a porter at the Bi llingsgate fish market. His mother was a charlady (cleaning lady). Michaels father standardizedd to gamble. His mother worked as a cleaning lady to give her sons a better life.BrothersMaurice grew up with his brother Stanley. The boys had an older brother, David, who was born with epilepsy. He was institutionalized as a baby. It was astray assumed in the 1920s that epilepsy was a form of mental illness which was untreatable. Their mother kept Davids existence a secret until her dying days. childishnessThe Oscar winning British actor Michael Caine was born in 1933 at Bermondsey in London. His real name was Maurice Joseph Micklewhite. The family expected Maurice to follow in his fathers footsteps, but he had other plans. He had early, if non-professional experiences with acting. At the age of 3 years on a regular basis he would have to convince the rent collector that Mummys out, while she hid behind the front door coaxing him.World War II EvacuationYoung Maurice was 6 years old whe n war was declared with Germany. He and brother Stanley were evacuated from his home during the German World war II Blitz. He was placed in a home for 6 weeks where he was badly mistreated. He was beaten and poorly fed. At times he was locked in a cupboard. Finally his mother rescued him and throttled the lady who had mistreated him. His mother was later evacuated as well.EducationAfter the Blitz, Michael attended Wilsons Grammar School, an academically selective secondary school. It was located in Peckham, remainder to where Last Orders was filmed. He did not like school and left at age 16. A Methodist minister introduced him to amateur theatricals which he did enjoy at school.Military ServiceHe entered the army as a private after a few years of low-paying jobs. He was stationed in Korea and did not like the army either. Family Caine married one of his rep co-stars, Patricia Haines. The two had a daughter, Nikki, before divorcing. Caine later married Shakira Caine (nee Baksh) in 1 973, Thy have two children Dominique and Natasha.CareerCaine has become a major film star, appealing to both men and women in his wide range of films. He is a versatile and very hard-working actor. His film career was launched by playing gritty working-class roles. The first was Alfie (1966) in which he played a womanizing Cockney in swinging London. Then came a trilogy of spy movies which were abundant successes. He played Len Deightons bespectacled agent, Harry Palmer, in Ipcress File, Funeral in Berlin, and The Billion Dollar Brain. He received Oscar nominations as Best Actor for Alfie, shit and Educating Rita, he has won two Best Supporting Actor awards for Hannah and her Sisters and The Cider House Rules. One film critic claims that Caines poor background caused him to carry off on a variety of roles in poor movies just to keep on working.FilmsCaines best remembered films are probably Ipcress File, Zulu, Mr. Destiny, A Bridge to a fault Far, Miss Congeniality, Last Orders, The Man Who Would Be King, The Muppet Christmas Carol, Sleuth, Dirty Rotten Scoundrels, and Hannah and Her Sisters. Interestingly in Zulu he plays a dilated aristocratic British officer, quite a laden from his background. The portrayal was right on, at least with American audiences. Im less sure about British audiences.SourcesCaine, Michael. Whats It All About (1992)

Stance Essay

This sponsor transport support advantage a huge number of savant TTS, many argue that corporate influences argon not vital in the educate environment. The potent al increment in the achievement rate of students because of corporate sponsorship exceeds t he conceivable negative move of the sponsorship. Corporate sponsorships are beneficial to schools who are financially struggling g. Students that are not given these opportunities are less inclined to perform w ell in school because of the aptitudes they may need in.Notwithstanding that, students the at endure a significant appreciation for particular sports would feel less inspired by going to curriculum in light of the schools powerlessness to entertain sports. On the off chance that a partner ship is sufficiently liberal to give a lot of cash to a school to start up any sort of sports teams, they would loot extraordinarily. Not just in light of the fact that they would be sit down Yin active, but because colleges go away see that they did extracurricular activities during their SC hollow career and it will look the likes of the student is taking initiative and showing commitment.More over, a constrained measure of sports or academic clubs can keep a student from EAI rang a scholarship, in this way, also keeping them from going to school. Case in point , Target had donated over 50,000 dollars to grants for children to go to Camp Cayman. C amp Cayman is an open expression school that spotlights on sports. The grants honored to these students provided for them the chance to take part in the programs given at t he school that they overall couldnt afford. One protest to corporate sponsorships in schools relates to the likelihood of active impacts on the students by the companies.Such a contention is imperative w hen managing Bourne 2 naive game scholars. Obviously, it is vital that the partnerships be picked built not just with respect to the measure of cash they can offer, insofar the message they ar e sends Eng to students. Case in point, if a student is given the choice to have a Macomb contrasted WI the a Dell machine, they would pick the one more suited to their needs. Simply on the g rounds that their school hit an arrangement with Apple, does not so much mean they will pick t e Macomb on the grounds that it was made by Apple.Truth be told, it can open up the stud nets eye to little partnerships that bailed them out in their school and it brings issues to light f or them. This mindfulness wont guarantee that students will exclusively depend on one org animation, yet grow their viewpoints and discover different organizations. Corporate sponsorships have the capacity to help schools who cant bear to gig eve their students the best that they deserve. Both sponsor and the supported profit FRR mom corporate phonographs.